{"id":3140,"date":"2009-12-23T19:40:39","date_gmt":"2009-12-23T19:40:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.firedbydesign.com\/?page_id=3140"},"modified":"2018-09-27T11:20:32","modified_gmt":"2018-09-27T10:20:32","slug":"new-dimension-avatar-special","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firedbydesign.com\/?p=3140","title":{"rendered":"New Dimension : Avatar Special"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar1.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3157 lazyload\" title=\"avatar1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar1.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"VFX by Framestore for Avatar, a James Cameron Film, 20th Century Fox in association with Lightstorm Entertainment\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar1.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar1.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>I was one of those privileged to see James Cameron&#8217;s Avatar blockbuster, the night before it hit screens worldwide, in full digital stereoscopic 3D in the London screening room of Twentieth Century Fox. The event was courtesy of Adobe, whose software was used to great effect in the planning, creation and postproduction of this stereoscopic fantasy. More than anything else this film is a work of art, able to transport you to the planet of Pandora and make you believe you are there. Forget the plot and laughable mineral name (unobtanium?) \u2013 just leave your cynicism at the door of the cinema. If you are at all interested in design, this is a beautiful film that has to be experienced on the big screen. In 3D.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3167\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn025sl0102dPRstill.re_.0189.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3167\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3167 lazyload\" title=\"scn025sl0102dPRstill.re.0189\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn025sl0102dPRstill.re_.0189.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn025sl0102dPRstill.re_.0189.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn025sl0102dPRstill.re_.0189.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3167\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prime Focus adds graphic dimension to James Cameron\u2019s \u2018Avatar\u2019, bringing the \u2018Ops Center\u2019 to life via stereographics<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Produced by Cameron\u2019s own Lightstorm Entertainment, the film focuses on an epic conflict on a far-away world called Pandora, where humans and the native species of Pandora, the Na\u2019vi, engage in war over the planet\u2019s resources and existence. Avatar is probably the most demanding visual effects project yet created anywhere. A photorealistic CGI epic featuring live actors in almost entirely CG environments, as well as a supporting cast of CG alien beasts and Na\u2019vi, the film also marks a breakthrough in terms of filmmaking technology, for its development of 3D viewing and stereoscopic filmmaking, with cameras that were specially designed for the production. Cameron, the writer\/director of such milestone films as Terminator, Aliens and Titanic, first conceived this epic sci-fi fantasy some fourteen years ago but had to wait, as he says, for the technology to catch up with his imagination. In 2005 it did, and he&#8217;s been working non-stop on the project ever since.&nbsp;Avatar opened on 17th December in the UK and 18th December in the US, and has been released in 2D and 3D formats, along with an IMAX 3D version.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3154 lazyload\" title=\"13.Briefing_before\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/13.Briefing_before.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/13.Briefing_before.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/13.Briefing_before.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/14.Briefing_after.jpg\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/14.Briefing_after.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3155 lazyload\" title=\"14.Briefing_after\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/14.Briefing_after.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/14.Briefing_after.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/14.Briefing_after.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Around 75% of the shots in the movie are VFX shots, which were completed at facilities all round the world, principally Weta Digital in New Zealand, and then brought together at Modern VideoFilm in Los Angeles. Among the many other facilities was Framestore, the only UK facility to have been awarded shots on the film, and Prime Focus, with three of the visual entertainment services group\u2019s North American facilities involved.<\/p>\n<p><!--nextpage--><br \/>\n<strong>Framestore<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>After an initial approach by Avatar VFX Producer Joyce Cox in December 2008, Framestore bid on a substantial tranche of shots that would give the company a chance to play to some of its technical strengths in visual effects whilst also offering its artists and technicians an opportunity to get their feet wet in the new wave of 3D film technology.\u2028The shots won by Framestore cover three key sequences within the film:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the      first showing Sully\u2019s arrival on Pandora, at the military-industrial      landing field known as Hell\u2019s Gate<\/li>\n<li>the      second taking place within the Armor Bay, an enormous fortified hangar      adjacent to the landing field, during which Sully converses with the      film\u2019s primary antagonist, Colonel Miles Quaritch (Stephen Lang), who is      donning an AMP suit, a fearsome 4m tall robotic warrior exoskeleton<\/li>\n<li>the      third which shows a thrilling night time escape from the Hell\u2019s Gate field      in a helicopter-like craft, the Samson tiltroter<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_3158\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar2.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3158\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3158 lazyload\" title=\"avatar2\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar2.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar2.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar2.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3158\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">VFX by Framestore for Avatar, a James Cameron Film, 20th Century Fox in association with Lightstorm Entertainment<\/p><\/div>\n<p>According to Framestore, the challenges posed were manifold, from the extraordinary level of CG detail expected in the environments to the fact that it was all being done stereoscopically, and above all the fact that it was being done for one of the world\u2019s greatest directors, a man renowned for his technical savvy and uncompromising attention to detail.<\/p>\n<p>Framestore\u2019s initial R&amp;D period began in early 2009, which included the purchase of necessary 3D-oriented kit, such as The Foundry\u2019s Ocula plug-in for the company\u2019s Nuke compositing software, True 3Di monitors for workstations, and the installation of a RealD Cinema projection system at Framestore\u2019s Wells Street cinema. Alongside this went a huge amount of technical research aimed at ensuring that Framestore\u2019s Avatar team would hit the ground running. \u201cWe naturally focussed a lot of early attention on the stereo aspects of the film,\u201d said Framestore Producer Tim Keene, \u201cBecause that was the biggest unknown for us. Making the new hardware and software work properly was a priority, and we quickly proved that we could create the shots to the client\u2019s specs, creating a successful client test in May 2009.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>James Cameron\u2019s chosen method for creating and shooting Avatar involved many new and specially developed pieces of kit. He directed scenes in his imagined locations &#8211; Pandora and elsewhere &#8211; using environments and characters created at Lightstorm\u2019s lab using Autodesk\u2019s MotionBuilder software. His virtual camera allowed him to observe directly on a monitor how the actors\u2019 virtual counterparts interact with the movie\u2019s digital world in real time and adjust and direct the scenes just as if shooting live action; \u201cIt\u2019s like a big, powerful game engine. If I want to fly through space, or change my perspective, I can. I can turn the whole scene into a living miniature and go through it on a 50 to 1 scale,\u201d he told the New York Times in 2007. The result of this was a complete set of \u2018templates\u2019 &#8211; incredibly detailed pre-viz sequences which provided a pretty good animation base, a layout base and even rough lighting.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3159\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar3.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3159\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3159 lazyload\" title=\"avatar3\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar3.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar3.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar3.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3159\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">VFX by Framestore for Avatar, a James Cameron Film, 20th Century Fox in association with Lightstorm Entertainment<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Difficulties arose when the Framestore team tried to replicate these templates with total fidelity. Tracking (where the movement of a camera through a shot is tracked so that an identical virtual camera move can be reproduced) has to be done far more carefully than for a 2D project, as the depth of field gained in stereo allows no room for discrepancy.<\/p>\n<p>However Framestore had a solution, as VFX Supervisor Tim Webber explained: \u201cWhen the template camera moves were tracked correctly, with pixel-perfect fidelity to the template, our team sometimes found it offset from the background, to a greater or lesser extent. Cameron composes his shots with the same meticulousness he brings to every other aspect of his work, so the prospect of persuading him, say, that a building would have to be moved 20 feet to the right in order to \u2018work\u2019 was not undaunting.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFortunately for us, Cameron is both highly technically literate and also pragmatic about the work,\u201d added Webber\u2019s fellow VFX Supervisor, Jonathan Fawkner. \u201cSo a good explanation of why something needed to be changed, along with a visually coherent and pleasing alternative would often win the day.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3151 lazyload\" title=\"9.Compoundview_before\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/9.Compoundview_before.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/9.Compoundview_before.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/9.Compoundview_before.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>It is hard to overstate the scale of Cameron\u2019s undertaking. Trying to delineate the sheer mass of data involved, CG Supervisor Ben White said: \u201cThere were 8.5 terabytes of data that were just incoming reference images, models, texture maps and so on. Altogether we probably used 60 TB of disc space on the project. Because large sections of the file are essentially a photo-realistic CG movie,&nbsp;the level of detail on the models and textures is phenomenal. The cargo bay which we built for the Valkyrie (the huge transport craft that delivers Sully to Hell\u2019s Gate) had 360 pages of texture maps. To give you some perspective on this figure, a hero creature from another film might typically have three or four pages of texture maps. In the end, just to render that model, there were about 1800 various texture maps, and when you consider that its just one component of one ship in a shot that\u2019s 90% CG, it gives you some sense of the vast scale of this project.\u201d<br \/>\n<!--nextpage--><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3152 lazyload\" title=\"10.Compoundview_after\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/10.Compoundview_after.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/10.Compoundview_after.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/10.Compoundview_after.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>One recent estimate by the production was of 100 hours of computer time to animate each frame, though this may be conservative. At the scene complexity level, one shot in Avatar was the equivalent (in man hours and computing power) to entire sequences for other films.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBecause it\u2019s essentially all CG, we had to split each shot up into many more layers than usual,\u201d explained Ben White. \u201cOn average every shot had at least 10 layers (some had more than 40), each layer has multiple passes and every pass has different render elements.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>To help address the increased rendering challenges posed by the stereoscopic process (essentially doubling an already intensive demand), Framestore rolled out its next generation of in-house rib generator and rendering core technology.\u2028In addition, Cameron\u2019s new 3D camera technology threw up its own little wrinkles, such as the occasional inversion of the camera when it needed to be close to the ground, which in turn reversed the left eye\/right eye data it was recording. These and other issues all had to be addressed and accommodated.<\/p>\n<p>After what turned out to be one of the more gruelling projects for Framestore in recent memory, team members are now able to look back with real pride on what they\u2019ve achieved. Whilst cooperation between the three main facilities was essential, a friendly rivalry certainly helped to ginger up the various teams as they raced to create the benchmarks that Cameron wanted. Asked now about their favourite part of the whole process, many in the Framestore team will cite as a source of particular pleasure the occasion on which the lighting on the AMP suit in the Armor Bay sequence was held up by Cameron as the look towards which other facilities should be striving.\u2028\u2028Tim Keene takes a different view. Asked what he\u2019d point to as the best thing about the project, he said simply, \u201cWe did it. We jumped off a cliff and into the biggest VFX project ever undertaken, taking on a completely new technology as well as the most demanding use of existing kit, and we emerged &#8211; a little bruised, perhaps, but a lot wiser and with a great set of sequences to show for it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Prime Focus<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3163\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn_081A_sl_020_2d_PRstill.re_.0239.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3163\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3163 lazyload\" title=\"scn_081A_sl_020_2d_PRstill.re.0239\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn_081A_sl_020_2d_PRstill.re_.0239.jpg?resize=600%2C387&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"387\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn_081A_sl_020_2d_PRstill.re_.0239.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn_081A_sl_020_2d_PRstill.re_.0239.jpg?resize=496%2C320&amp;ssl=1 496w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn_081A_sl_020_2d_PRstill.re_.0239.jpg?resize=527%2C340&amp;ssl=1 527w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/387;\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3163\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Detail of the Home Tree scene, which takes place on the Op Center\u2019s Holotable in Avatar, with VFX by Prime Focus<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Prime Focus contributed numerous stereographic and \u2018Holotable\u2019 displays, animated graphics, immersive environments and other visual effects to Avatar. It\u2019s also notable for the first major use of the company\u2019s View-D technology,<a href=\"https:\/\/firedbydesign.com\/page-for-the-bright-sparks-category\/turning-2d-film-into-3d-gold\/\" target=\"_blank\"> detailed in this exclusive interview on Fired By Design<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The bulk of Prime Focus\u2019 work was done for the film\u2019s Bio lab and Ops Center, the bustling hub for military operations and one of the key environments in the film. \u2028A team of approximately 90 was spread across Prime Focus\u2019 Los Angeles, Vancouver and Winnipeg facilities, with President &amp; Senior Visual Effects Supervisor Chris Bond and Visual Effects Producer Chris Del Conte driving the project out of the LA office. Graphics Supervisor Neil Huxley art directed and oversaw the design of the motion graphics elements.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur experience working with stereoscopic 3D material, both on the movie \u2018Journey to the Center of the Earth 3D\u2019 and through our proprietary View-D technology, more than prepared us for \u2018Avatar,\u2019\u201d said Bond. \u201cHaving the resources of our talented teams across Winnipeg and Vancouver at our disposal and set up for remote collaboration with our Los Angeles crew also meant we could ramp up at a moment\u2019s notice when we were awarded additional shots.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3168\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn068sl0202dPRstill.re_.0085.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3168\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3168 lazyload\" title=\"scn068sl0202dPRstill.re.0085\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn068sl0202dPRstill.re_.0085.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn068sl0202dPRstill.re_.0085.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn068sl0202dPRstill.re_.0085.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3168\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prime focus created numerous stereographic and \u201cHolotable\u201d displays, animated graphics, immersive environments and other visual effects for the movie.  A majority of the team\u2019s efforts were spent on the film\u2019s Bio lab and Ops Center, including a three-dimensional hologram of the \u201cHome Tree,\u201d where the Navi live.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Prime Focus designed displays for the Op Center\u2019s Holotable over which the film\u2019s main characters discuss their missions and plans to mine a valuable mineral found on the planet Pandora. In one key scene, the film\u2019s protagonist Jake Sully (Sam Worthington) and Col. Quaritch (Stephen Lang) bring up a three-dimensional hologram of the Home Tree, where the Navi, Pandora\u2019s indigenous population, live.<br \/>\n<!--nextpage--><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/7.Hometree_before.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3149 lazyload\" title=\"7.Hometree_before\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/7.Hometree_before.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/7.Hometree_before.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/7.Hometree_before.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Using the original live-action plate of a table with a greenscreen across the top, Prime Focus modeled the hardware that went inside the table, the projector beams, and added graphics projected above the table of the terrain, including the Home Tree. These graphics were designed in 2D in Adobe Illustrator, animated in Adobe After Effects, placed on cards in 3D and rendered in Autodesk 3ds Max. Prime Focus Software\u2019s Krakatoa particle system was used for the 3D terrain, which gave the images a scan-lined LIDAR-like quality, as if a satellite roving the planet\u2019s atmosphere captured the footage.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/12.Hometree_after.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3153 lazyload\" title=\"12.Hometree_after\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/12.Hometree_after.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/12.Hometree_after.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/12.Hometree_after.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>To make the Ops Center feel alive and bustling with activity, Prime Focus also designed interactive stereographic displays for dozens of screens, so every monitor screen had a sense of movement and depth. Each screen was composed of four-to-eight layers, rendered in different passes and composited together.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3145 lazyload\" title=\"3.Console_before\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/3.Console_before.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/3.Console_before.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/3.Console_before.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u201dChris Bond and our pipeline team developed a custom graphics script we dubbed SAGI, for Screen Art Graphic Interface,\u201d shared Huxley. \u201cThis script takes Adobe After Effects renders and binds them to a 3ds Max assembly file, which would negate human error. Considering that some of our shots had 30 screens in them, trying to work out which graphic goes into which screen would be very time-consuming. SAGI helped us streamline this process so if James didn\u2019t like a particular graphic, we could easily swap it out. This enabled us to turn around client revisions very quickly. James would give us the change, the graphics team would address the note, render it through SAGI overnight, re-comp the graphic in the am and then watch it down in our Real-D theatre in stereo 3D, do a quality check in stereo, and have it ready for James to check 24 hours after giving us the initial note.\u201d<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/4.Console_after.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3146 lazyload\" title=\"4.Console_after\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/4.Console_after.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/4.Console_after.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/4.Console_after.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The Prime Focus VFX team also created displays called Immersives that provided a 180-degree stereo perspective, allowing military personnel to control air traffic flow in 3D. Additionally, Prime Focus contributed CG helicopters, buildings and atmospheric elements seen from the Ops Center and Commissary windows in several sequences.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMuch has been said about James Cameron\u2019s incredible vision as a director, his hands-on style and the very high bar he set for all his visual effects vendors,\u201d said Del Conte. \u201cSo playing a part in bringing Avatar to life has been a fantastic experience for our team.\u201d<br \/>\n<!--nextpage--><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn174sl2502dPRstill.re_.0029.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3169 lazyload\" title=\"scn174sl2502dPRstill.re.0029\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn174sl2502dPRstill.re_.0029.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn174sl2502dPRstill.re_.0029.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/scn174sl2502dPRstill.re_.0029.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a>Modern VideoFilm<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Leading US West Coast facility Modern VideoFilm completed all the finishing work for Avatar. Every frame of the film as well as all the trailers and promotions passed through Modern\u2019s pipeline, which includes three Quantel Pablo Stereo3D systems. The work completed on Pablo includes conforming and Stereo3D checking, adjustment and quality control. Crucially, the Pablos have also handled all the Stereo3D English subtitling required for the Na\u2019vi language used by some characters in the film. Avatar is a simultaneous worldwide release in both 2D and 3D and at three different aspect ratios.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/1.Holotable_before.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3143 lazyload\" title=\"1.Holotable_before\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/1.Holotable_before.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/1.Holotable_before.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/1.Holotable_before.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>To deal with the massive workload, Modern set up a powerful and efficient postproduction pipeline using a wide range of equipment. All the shots were re-named to a common naming strategy as soon as they arrive at Modern and distributed onto the company\u2019s SAN. From there they were pulled into the Quantel Pablo systems to be first checked using Pablo\u2019s realtime Stereo3D toolset for stereo and technical quality, then conformed against multiple lists from editorial, requiring speed and accuracy. The pipeline continued with grading and finally, shots requiring subtitling for the Na\u2019vi language were passed back to the Pablos.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/2.Holotable_after.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3144 lazyload\" title=\"2.Holotable_after\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/2.Holotable_after.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/2.Holotable_after.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/2.Holotable_after.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve been running our three Pablos pretty much 24\/7 for the last six months,\u201d said Modern VideoFilm Supervising Editor, Roger Berger, who has worked on a number of Stereo3D projects including James Cameron\u2019s \u2018Ghosts of the Abyss\u2019. \u201cSuch has been the interest in this movie that there has been a huge demand for finished movie footage for promotional events over the last few months, each typically 10 to 20 minutes in length &#8211; all before the shots are finalised and of course needing to be produced while we continued to finish the movie itself. We\u2019ve also needed to produce different versions and run \u2018bake offs\u2019 between them with James Cameron. One of the Pablos has an incredible 12,000 clips online, and all three machines have been running pretty much full throughout. With a project of this complexity, it\u2019s a real benefit to be able to bounce anywhere in the entire movie at any time,\u201d Berger added. \u201cQuantel has given us terrific support. They\u2019re there for us and spring into action when we need them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Subtitling the Stereo3D versions was a complex process, as the subtitles had to sit at the right place in 3D space to avoid conflict with the 3D content. The Pablo\u2019s realtime Stereo3D toolset enables the subtitles to be viewed instantly and repositioned in 3D space in realtime. Berger enjoyed the luxury of being able to see the Stereo3D effects as he created them. \u201cI can\u2019t imagine doing this project without the Pablo\u2019s realtime Stereo3D and the total flexibility it gives me,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3160\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar_adobe.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3160\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3160 lazyload\" title=\"avatar_adobe\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar_adobe.jpg?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar_adobe.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/firedbydesign.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/avatar_adobe.jpg?resize=520%2C293&amp;ssl=1 520w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/338;\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3160\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">VFX using Adobe Lightroom for Avatar, a James Cameron Film, 20th Century Fox in association with Lightstorm Entertainment<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Adobe software was used throughout Avatar\u2019s production process, including &nbsp;the use of After Effects for mocap and previews and Photoshop for textures. You can view a making of movie from Adobe here.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Movie web site\" href=\"http:\/\/www.avatarmovie.com\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Avatar official website<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Visit Framestore<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Prime Focus\" href=\"http:\/\/www.primefocusworld.com\" target=\"_blank\">Visit Prime Focus<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"www.mvfinc.com\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mvf.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Visit Modern VideoFilm Inc.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A insight into the visual effects of James Cameron&#8217;s Avatar, detailing work by Framestore, Prime Focus and Modern VideoFilm, with behind the scenes images.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":129,"featured_media":3143,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3113],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-revelations"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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